midterm words

1.     Diocese- A district under the pastoral care of a Christian bishop

2.     Vicar- (in the Roman Catholic Church) A representative or deputy of a bishop

a.     (In the Episcopal Church) A clergyman in charge of a chapel.

3.     Episcopal college- relating to a branch of the Anglican Church in Scotland and the USA.

4.     Synod of Bishops- A council or an assembly of church officials or churches; an ecclesiastical council.

5.     Ecumenical Council- one of seven gatherings of bishops from around the known world under the presidency of the Pope

6.     Infallibility- The doctrine that the pope is incapable of error in pronouncing dogma.

7.     Imprimatur- An official license by the Roman Catholic Church to print an ecclesiastical or religious book.

8.     Parish- A small administrative district typically having its own church and a priest or pastor.

9.     Stole- A woman's long scarf or shawl, esp. fur or similar material, worn loosely over the shoulders.

10.  Dalmatic- a wide-sleeved over garment with slit sides worn by a deacon or prelate

11.  Presbyters- An elder or minister of the Christian Church

12.  Seminary- A College that prepares students to be priests, ministers, or rabbis.

13.  Celibacy- an unmarried status.

14.  Bishops- A senior member of the Christian clergy, typically in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.

15.  Pope- The head of the Roman Catholic Church

16.  Priest- An ordained minister of the Catholic, Orthodox, or Anglican Church having the authority to perform rites and administer sacraments.

17.  Deacon- An ordained minister of an order ranking below that of priest.

18.  Cardinal- A leading dignitary of the Roman Catholic Church, nominated by the pope and collectively forming the Sacred College.

19.  Clergy- The body of all people ordained for religious duties, esp. in the Christian Church

20.  Chasuble- A sleeveless outer vestment worn by a Catholic or High Anglican priest when celebrating Mass, typically having a simple hole for the head.

21.  Discern- Perceive or recognize (something).

22.  Why become a priest? You get the opportunity to serve the people of God and make a difference. Being able to accompany people will on there spiritual journey, getting the opportunity to witness the transformation of people and helping the recognize there genuine love for God

23.  Who can be ordained? Christian who haven’t committed mortal sin. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, The Anglican Church(of which the Church of England is a member) amongst other churches, a bishop does the ordination. Bishops were once priests who have been accepted into the third, highest, level of ordination (Deacon and priest being the first two) to become a bishop. The 'consecration' of a bishop is undertaken by other bishops.

24.  Areas of Formation- Sanctification of the believer are a work of grace. It is predicated on the completed redemptive work of Christ and accomplished through the power of the indwelling Spirit of Christ. More than willing oneself into new behaviors or Christ-like actions. It is a deeply integrated work of the heart that transforms the mind, emotions, will and behavior so that a believer actually becomes a person like Christ.

25.  Historical development of the priesthood- The religious life of the early Israelites was primarily carried in the family institutions. The progression of the priesthood of Israel in the first testament follows four great changes. The first period is the early settlement time which includes the religious expression of the patriarchs. The second epoch is the priesthood given through Moses on Mount Sinai followed by the third period defined by the changes that are incorporated during and after the Babylonian exile. Finally we see a fourth period where the priesthood becomes more influenced by the political arena in the times of the Maccabees, the Seleucids and Herodians and first century times into which Jesus was born. An obvious fifth step is the post Temple expression of priesthood in rabbinical Judaism but, I will only deal with that in as much as it progresses out of the Babylonian exile.

26.  Three degrees of Holy Orders- Bishop, priest and deacon are the three levels, or degrees of Holy Orders, also known as the: 1. episcopate 2. Presbyter ate 3. Diaconate.

27.  Grace- Simple elegance or refinement of movement.

28.  Ordination leads to a ministry of service- This essential ministry of Christ is entrusted to all the people of  God  through  baptism. Through baptism all members of the church become part of the covenant community and are commissioned for their servant ministry; they  become  participants  in  the  priesthood  of  all  believers.  The gifts of the Holy Spirit are different and  diverse,  but  in tremendous  and simple  ways  they proclaim  the  mighty  acts  of  God  and  mediate  God's  loving  and reconciling  work  to  and  in  the world. They may be gifts of communicating the gospel in word and deed, gifts of healing, caring, praying, teaching,  giving,  and  working for  peace  and  justice.  Every baptized  person  is  called  to witness to Christ in whatever situation he or she lives; to express in their daily lives the ministry of Christ.

29.  L’Arche Community -  is an International Federation dedicated to the creation and growth of homes, programs, and support networks with people who have intellectual disabilities

30.  Stations of the Cross- A series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' progress from his condemnation by Pilate to his crucifixion and burial, before which devotions are performed in some Churches

31.  Baptism- the religious rite of sprinkling water onto a person's forehead or of immersion in water, symbolizing purification or regeneration and admission to the Christian Church. In many denominations, baptism is performed on young children and is accompanied by name-giving

32.  Proper Matter of Baptism- water

33.  Correct words for Baptism- “I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit” with triple pour of water.

34.  Designated Minster of Baptism- Bishop, Priest, or Deacon ( in emergency anyone who intends to offer baptism)

35.  Biblical Basis of Baptism-  The disciples knew what Jesus was talking about. Baptism was a well established religious ritual even before John the Baptist.

36.  RCIA-the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA) is the process through which interested adults and older children are gradually introduced to the Roman Catholic faith and way of life. Children who were not baptized as infants are also initiated through an adapted process of this rite, sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Rite of Christian Initiation of Children (RCIC).

37.  Heart- source of human desires, what we seek to satisfy; the "I"

38.  Desire- what leads to a dependence on reality, what humans want out of reality

39.  Reality- the state of existence, tends to fail human expectations

40.  4 truths of the "I"- I did not make myself, i have unlimited desires, i have limited abilities, i expect to be happy

41.  Religious Sense- what leads us to the "truth" by means of reasoning and understanding

42.  Ontology- study of the nature of existence/being

43.  Being- the self: consists of emotions and fueled by desires

44.  Suffering- the experience of pain whether spiritual or physical

45.  Church- the physical body of Christ; the fundamental sacrament, symbol of Christ’s presence in the world

46.  Presbyter- leader of local Christian Congregation

47.  Original sin-what all humans are born with, washed away in baptism, result of the first sin made by Adam and Eve

48.  Christ the Physician- Jesus is a healer, when we receive Christ he heals us of any ailments and brings us closer to God

49.  Who administers the sacraments: Baptism-bishops, priests, deacons (in an emergency, anyone can) Confirmation- bishop Eucharist- bishop or priest Annointing of sick- bishop or priest Penance- bishop or priest Matrimony- bishop, priest, deacon, or someone authorized by bishop

50.  Holy Orders- bishop

51.  Society of Jesus- Jesuits, founded by Ignatius of Loyola

52.  Penance- Also called Confession or more recently the Sacrament of Reconciliation (although this latter term is more accurately the Rite of Reconciliation and not the name of the sacrament). The Gospels attest that Christ gave the Church the power to forgive sin; Spiritual change that enables a sinner to turn away from sin.

53.  Confession-In the Catholic context, confession occurs in the Sacrament of Penance, in which one reveals one's sins to a priest who grants absolution when there is true repentance

54.  Forgiveness-Catholics believe that sins are forgiven by God through the mediation of Christ in view of the repentance of the sinner and by means of the Sacrament of Penance

55.  Conversion-A turning away from someone or something and a turning toward another person or thing; in the Christian context: an embracing of Jesus Christ and a disavowal of whatever keeps one from God. 

56.  Empathy-A function of the virtue of charity by which a person enters into another's feelings, needs, and sufferings

57.  Ten Commandments-Also called the Decalogue, they are the divinely revealed precepts received by Moses on Mount Sinai. Engrave on two tablets of stone, they occur in two versions in the Bible: 1. I, the Lord, am your God. You shall not have other gods besides me.

58.  2. You shall not take the name of the Lord, your God, in vain.

59.  3. Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day.

60.  4. Honor your father and your mother.

61.  5. You shall not kill.

62.  6. You shall not commit adultery.

63.  7. You shall not steal.

64.  8. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

65.  9. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife.

66.  10. You shall not covet anything that belongs to your neighbor.

67.  Four dimensions of a sacrament: prayers, materials, elements, gestures

68.  Testament-An agreement or last will. When this term is used in the Bible, it must be taken to mean "covenant."

69.  Examination of Conscience- Reflection in God's presence on one's state of soul, e.g., in preparation for the sacrament of penance.

70.  Contrition- feeling of remorse or repentance for sins that have been committed, with a trust in God's mercy and a determination not to sin again.

71.  Act of Contrition-   O my God, I am heartily sorry for
            having offended you, and I detest
            all my sins, because of Your just
            punishments, but most of all because
            they offend You, my God, who are
            all-good and deserving of all my love.
            I firmly resolve, with the help of
            Your grace, to sin no more and to
            avoid the near occasion of sin.

72.  Absolution-In the sacrament of penance, the act by which a qualified priest, having the necessary jurisdiction, remits the guilt and penalty due to sin. The new formula of absolution, since the Second Vatican Council, is: "God, the Father of mercies, through the death and resurrection of His Son, has reconciled the world to Himself and sent the Holy Spirit among us for the forgiveness of sins; through the ministry of the Church may God give you pardon and peace, and I absolve you from your sins in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit." To which the penitent answers, "Amen." 

73.  Sin-An action, not synonymous with moral evil, which is contrary to God's love. 

74.  Mortal sin-an unpardonable sin entailing a total loss of grace; a sin that destroys the relationship one has with God completely

75.  Venial Sin- a sin that damages the relationship that one has with God but does not completely destroy it; a relatively slight sin that does not entail damnation of the soul

76.  Confession of sin- The confession of a person's sins is a religious practice in a number of Christian traditions; it is admitting that you have sinned to a priest with the humility and regret that is necessary to rectify the sin

77.  Moral Object- the most difficult font of morality to understand; it is the font most often misrepresented or misused in moral evaluations. And it is the font most often attacked by those who wish to undermine the teaching of the Church on morality. (the actual action that is being determined either moral or unmoral)

78.  Original Sin- The tendency to sin innate in all human beings, held to be inherited from Adam and Eve in consequence of the Fall.

79.  Personal sin- the free choice to disobey God and to do something the opposite of what is good and right

80.  Sacramental Seal- The grave duty of keeping absolutely secret all sins that are told in sacramental confession and anything else that is told by the penitent and is related to the confession. It is an obligation binding in the natural law, the divine law of Christ, and in the positive law of the Church. It binds the confessor and any other person who in any way discovers what was confessed. Under no circumstances may any of this information be revealed unless the penitent freely gives permission.

81.  Restitution- The restoration of something lost or stolen to its proper owner; it signifies an act of commutative justice by which exact reparation as far as possible is made for an injury that has been done to another. An injury may be done to another by detaining what is known to belong to him in strict justice and by willfully doing him damage in his property or reputation.

82.  Concupiscence-our inclination to sin

83.  Fornication- voluntary sexual intercourse between persons not married to each other.

84.  Excommunication- the principal and severest censure, is a medicinal, spiritual penalty that deprives the guilty Christian of all participation in the common blessings of ecclesiastical society; and being the most serious penalty that the Church can inflict, it naturally supposes a very grave offence.

85.  Apostasy- The total rejection by a baptized person of the Christian faith he once professed. The term is also applied in a technical sense to "apostates from religious life," who without authorization leave a religious institute after perpetual vows with no intention of returning. (Etym. Latin apostasia, falling away or separation from God; from Greek apostasis, revolt, literally, a standing-off.)

86.  Heresy- Commonly refers to a doctrinal belief held in opposition to the recognized standards of an established system of thought. Theologically it means an opinion at variance with the authorized teachings of any church, notably the Christian, and especially when this promotes separation from the main body of faithful believers.

87.  Schism- A willful separation from the unity of the Christian Church

88.  Grace of Reconciliation- The peace of mind and soul which this sacrament imparts to us is one for which there is no substitute. It is a peace that flows from a certainty, rather than from an unsure hope, that our sins have been forgiven and that we are right with God.

89.  Interior Repentance- Interior repentance is the most vital aspect of the sacrament of confession; has the forgiving power of God leap from heaven to his heart without fail and without delay.  Power goes out from Jesus to forgive sin and into a genuinely penitent heart just as surely as electricity completes a circuit whenever we throw a switch. 

90.  Three required acts of the Penitent- The sinner must be contrite of heart, confess with their lips, and make fruitful satisfaction (Roman Catechism

91.  Who administers the sacrament: Bishop or Priest

92.  How often should we attend confession: The technical answer is that we need to go whenever we have committed a mortal sin. We should not receive Communion again until we have been reconciled to Christ through the Sacrament of Confession.

93.  Who forgives sins: God

94.  Why is Confession necessary: That reconciling of man to God is the purpose of Confession. When we sin, we deprive ourselves of God’s grace. And by doing so, we make it even easier to sin some more. The only way out of this downward cycle is to acknowledge our sins, to repent of them, and to ask God’s forgiveness. Then, in the Sacrament of Confession, grace can be restored to our souls, and we can once again resist sin.

95.  What is the role of the priest- Jesus bestowed upon His apostles the power to forgive sins in the name of God. The priest carries on the apostolic tradition, acting as an apostle to Jesus; The Priest in all things represents Christ in his ministry

96.  Celebrating the Sacrament: Contrition, Confession, Absolution, Satisfaction

97.  Matrimony: The matrimonial covenant, by which a man and a woman establish     between themselves a partnership of the whole of life, is by its nature ordered toward the good of the spouses and the procreation and education of offspring; this covenant between baptized persons has been raised by Christ the Lord to the dignity of a sacrament.

98.  Declaration of Nullity: that the marriage never existed.

99.  Abortion: The termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of the fetus or embryo prior to viability

100.                 Contraception: deliberate prevention of conception or impregnation

101.                 Sterilization: to deprive of the power of reproducing

102.                 Natural Family Planning: The various methods that enable a married couple to know the wife's fertility. Natural family planning, which employs no artificial contraceptives, is moral, safe, effective, and contributes to the increased communication between husband and wife; it is advocated by the Church when there is a just reason for postponing a pregnancy. It may also be used to help the wife conceive.

103.                 Nuptial Blessing: Prayers for the blessing of a couple being married

104.                 Fidelity: Faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support.

105.                 Divorce: The legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body:

106.                 Polygamy: The practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same    time.

107.                 Adultery: Voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and a person who is not his or her spouse.

108.                 Annulment: revocation: the state of being cancelled

109.                 Purpose of Marriage The purpose of marriage is to spiritually, emotionally and physically unite a man and a women together, as husband and wife, in a covenantal relationship between themselves and their Creator.

110.                 Unity: Harmony or agreement between people or groups.

111.                 Procreation:  the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring

112.                 Intimacy: Close familiarity or friendship; closeness

113.                 Rites for celebrating marriage:  the Rite of Marriage with Mass, the Rite of Marriage Outside of Mass, and the Rite of Marriage Between a Catholic and an Unbaptized Person

114.                 Free Consent: An agreement is only valid when it is the result is agreed by every party

115.                 Marriage and Christ’s Love: God who created man out of love also calls him to love the fundamental and innate vocation of every human being. For man is created in the image and likeness of God who is himself love.90 Since God created him man and woman, their mutual love becomes an image of the absolute and unfailing love with which God loves man.

116.                 Creation: God himself is the author of marriage."87 The vocation to marriage is written in the very nature of man and woman as they came from the hand of the Creator.

117.                 Matrimony as a Covenant: Holy Scripture affirms that man and woman were created for one another: "It is not good that the man should be alone."92 The woman, "flesh of his flesh," i.e., his counterpart, his equal, his nearest in all things, is given to him by God as a "helpmate"; she thus represents God from whom comes our help.93 "Therefore a man leaves his father and his mother and cleaves to his wife, and they become one flesh."94 The Lord himself shows that this signifies an unbreakable union of their two lives by recalling what the plan of the Creator had been "in the beginning": "So they are no longer two, but one flesh

118.                 Domestic Church: The entire Christian life bears the mark of the spousal love of Christ and the Church. Already Baptism, the entry into the People of God, is a nuptial mystery; it is so to speak the nuptial bath111 which precedes the wedding feast, the Eucharist. Christian marriage in its turn becomes an efficacious sign, the sacrament of the covenant of Christ and the Church. Since it signifies and communicates grace, marriage between baptized persons is a true sacrament of the New Covenant.112

119.                 Grace:  The way God reveals himself to us.

120.  Parts of Marriage Celebration: In the Latin Rite the celebration of marriage between two Catholic faithful normally takes place during Holy Mass, because of the connection of all the sacraments with the Paschal mystery of Christ. In the Eucharist the memorial of the New Covenant is realized, the New Covenant in which Christ has united himself for ever to the Church, his beloved bride for whom he gave himself up.It is therefore fitting that the spouses should seal their consent to give themselves to each other through the offering of their own lives by uniting it to the offering of Christ for his Church made present in the Eucharistic sacrifice, and by receiving the Eucharist so that, communicating in the same Body and the same Blood of Christ, they may form but "one body" in Christ.

 "Inasmuch as it is a sacramental action of sanctification, the liturgical celebration of marriage . . . must be, per se, valid, worthy, and fruitful." It is therefore appropriate for the bride and groom to prepare themselves for the celebration of their marriage by receiving the sacrament of penance.

121. Exchange of Vows: In the Latin Church, it is ordinarily understood that the spouses, as ministers of Christ's grace, mutually confer upon each other the sacrament of Matrimony by expressing their consent before the Church. In the Eastern liturgies the minister of this sacrament (which is called "Crowning") is the priest or bishop who, after receiving the mutual consent of the spouses, successively crowns the bridegroom and the bride as a sign of the marriage covenant.

122.  Family: Thus the marriage bond has been established by God himself in such a way that a marriage concluded and consummated between baptized persons can never be dissolved. This bond, which results from the free human act of the spouses and their consummation of the marriage, is a reality, henceforth irrevocable, and gives rise to a covenant guaranteed by God's fidelity. the Church does not have the power to contravene this disposition of divine wisdom

123. Cohabitation: The church sees a man and a woman living in the same household before marriage as a sin because you are living in falsehood.

124. Catechumens: study the faith in special parish classes, are mentored by a sponsor, do service, and participate in the liturgy of the word at mass.

125. Candidates: On the first Sunday of Lent, candidates are enrolled in the body of the elect by the bishop.

126. Cradle vs. Converts: cradle Catholics were born into the church as infants through the rite of baptism as children where as converts are born into the church through the rite of baptism as adults.

127. Effects of Baptism: Washes away original sin and any other sins and the punishment due. Makes us children of God and temples of the holy spirit. Welcomes us as members of the church, the body of Christ.

128. Signs of Baptism: anointing with oil, lighted candle, white garment.

129. White Garment: represents rebirth and cleansing.

130. Water: cleansing.

131. RCIA: A process for adults culminating in the celebration of all three sacraments of initiation at the Easter vigil.

132. Rite of Baptism of Children:  People did not want their children to wait until adulthood to be reborn in Christ’s life, therefore infant baptism became prevalent.

133. Sign of the Cross: Initiates you into the church.

134. Baptismal Name: New member of the church, child of God.

135. Oils of Baptism: Helps to anoint the one getting baptized.

136. Baptismal Candle: Helps to celebrates the actual sacrament of Baptism.

137. Conditional Baptism:  Once you have been baptized you are a permanent member of the church.

138. Concupiscence: yearning of the soul for good.

139. Suffering: suffering has always been among the gravest problems confronted in human life. In suffering, man experiences his powerlessness, his limitations, and his finitude. Every suffering can make us glimpse death.

140. Sickness in the old testament: The man of the Old Testament lives his sickness in the presence of God. It is before God that he laments his illness, and it is of God, Master of life and death, that he implores healing. Illness becomes a way to conversion; God's forgiveness initiates the healing. It is the experience of Israel that illness is mysteriously linked to sin and evil, and that faithfulness to God according to his law restores life: "For I am the Lord, your healer." The prophet intuits that suffering can also have a redemptive meaning for the sins of others. Finally Isaiah announces that God will usher in a time for Zion when he will pardon every offense and heal every illness.

141. Grace received:  The Holy Spirit gives to some a special charism of healing so as to make manifest the power of the grace of the risen Lord. But even the most intense prayers do not always obtain the healing of all illnesses. Thus St. Paul must learn from the Lord that "my grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness," and that the sufferings to be endured can mean that "in my flesh I complete what is lacking in Christ's afflictions for the sake of his Body, that is, the Church."119

142. History of the sick being healed by the church: "Heal the sick!"The Church has received this charge from the Lord and strives to carry it out by taking care of the sick as well as by accompanying them with her prayer of intercession. She believes in the life-giving presence of Christ, the physician of souls and bodies. This presence is particularly active through the sacraments, and in an altogether special way through the Eucharist, the bread that gives eternal life and that St. Paul suggests is connected with bodily health.

143. Extreme Unction: From ancient times in the liturgical traditions of both East and West, we have testimonies to the practice of anointings of the sick with blessed oil. Over the centuries the Anointing of the Sick was conferred more and more exclusively on those at the point of death. Because of this it received the name "Extreme Unction."

145. Viaticum: figuratively meant the provision for the journey of life and finally by metaphor the provision for the passage out of this world into the next

146. Theodicy: The justification of God.

147. Oil of the Sick: Use it to anoint the sick in the name of Jesus.

148. Society of Jesus: religious order founded by saint Ignatious of Loyola.

149. Who can receive the anointing of the sick:  Those who are members of the church and are seriously ill.

150. Rite of anointing: Word and sacrament form an indivisible whole. the Liturgy of the Word, preceded by an act of repentance, opens the celebration. the words of Christ, the witness of the apostles, awaken the faith of the sick person and of the community to ask the Lord for the strength of his Spirit.

 The celebration of the sacrament includes the following principal elements: the "priests of the Church"- in silence - lay hands on the sick; they pray over them in the faith of the Church- this is the epiclesis proper to this sacrament; they then anoint them with oil blessed, if possible, by the bishop. 
These liturgical actions indicate what grace this sacrament confers upon the sick.

151. Four main effects of Anointing of the Sick: A particular gift of the Holy Spirit, Union with the passion of Christ, An ecclesial grace, A preparation for the final journey.

152. Name and explain the effects of the anointing of the sick:  A particular gift of the Holy Spirit. the first grace of this sacrament is one of strengthening, peace and courage to overcome the difficulties that go with the condition of serious illness or the frailty of old age. This grace is a gift of the Holy Spirit, who renews trust and faith in God and strengthens against the temptations of the evil one, the temptation to discouragement and anguish in the face of death. This assistance from the Lord by the power of his Spirit is meant to lead the sick person to healing of the soul, but also of the body if such is God's will. Furthermore, "if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven."

1521 Union with the passion of Christ. By the grace of this sacrament the sick person receives the strength and the gift of uniting himself more closely to Christ's Passion: in a certain way he is consecrated to bear fruit by configuration to the Savior's redemptive Passion. Suffering, a consequence of original sin, acquires a new meaning; it becomes a participation in the saving work of Jesus.

An ecclesial grace. the sick who receive this sacrament, "by freely uniting themselves to the passion and death of Christ," "contribute to the good of the People of God." By celebrating this sacrament the Church, in the communion of saints, intercedes for the benefit of the sick person, and he, for his part, though the grace of this sacrament, contributes to the sanctification of the Church and to the good of all men for whom the Church suffers and offers herself through Christ to God the Father.

A preparation for the final journey. If the sacrament of anointing of the sick is given to all who suffer from serious illness and infirmity, even more rightly is it given to those at the point of departing this life; so it is also called sacramentum exeuntium (the sacrament of those departing).The Anointing of the Sick completes our conformity to the death and Resurrection of Christ, just as Baptism began it. It completes the holy anointings that mark the whole Christian life: that of Baptism which sealed the new life in us, and that of Confirmation which strengthened us for the combat of this life. This last anointing fortifies the end of our earthly life like a solid rampart for the final struggles before entering the Father's house.139

153. Transformation through Anointing: Through this holy anointing may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. May the Lord who frees you from sin save you and raise you up."

154. Job: By the sacred anointing of the sick and the prayer of the priests the whole Church commends those who are ill to the suffering and glorified Lord, that he may raise them up and save them. and indeed she exhorts them to contribute to the good of the People of God by freely uniting themselves to the Passion and death of Christ."

155. Healing in the Gospel: Moved by so much suffering Christ not only allows himself to be touched by the sick, but he makes their miseries his own: "He took our infirmities and bore our diseases." But he did not heal all the sick. His healings were signs of the coming of the Kingdom of God. They announced a more radical healing: the victory over sin and death through his Passover. On the cross Christ took upon himself the whole weight of evil and took away the "sin of the world,"of which illness is only a consequence. By his passion and death on the cross Christ has given a new meaning to suffering: it can henceforth configure us to him and unite us with his redemptive Passion.

156. Views of suffering in other religions: Can be seen as beneficial.

157. Apostolate: Similar to the term ministry.

158. Confirmation- the sealing of you and the spirit. It allows you to receive the Holy Sprit, God’s grace, and allows you to belong with all yourself to the community of believers.

159. Proper matter- Chrism oil

160. Designated minister- Bishop

161. Correct words/forms- “(Name) Be sealed with the gift of God.” Bishop dips his right thumb in the chrism and makes the sign of the cross and says the words stated above.

162. Gifts of the spirit- Wisdom, piety, counsel, understanding, fortitude, knowledge, and fear of the Lord.

163. Fruits of the spirit- Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.

164. Pentecost- a feast celebrating the descent of the Holy Spirit on the disciples of Jesus after his Ascension held on the seventh Sunday after Easter.

165. Sponsor- Theysee that the confirmed person acts a true witness to Christ and faithfully fulfills the obligations connected with this sacrament.

166. Age of discretion- Ages 7-16

167. Definition- refers to both the celebration of the Mass, that is, the Eucharist liturgy and the bread and wine which after the consecration are transubstantiated (changed in substance) into the body and blood of Jesus Christ

168. Sunday Obligation- Christmas Day, Feast of the Ascension, Feast of all Saints, Feast of Assumption of Mary, Feast of the Immaculate Conception Ascension

169. Consecration- to ordain someone to a sacred office, typically a bishop, to make (bread or wine) into the body or blood of Christ.

170. Transubstantiation-the conversion of the substance of the Eucharistic elements into the body and blood of Christ at consecration, only the appearances of bread and wine still remaining.

171. Tabernacle-an ornamented receptacle or cabinet in which a ciborium containing the reserved sacrament may be placed in Catholic churches, usually on or above an altar

172. Proper Matter- Bread (wheaten only) and Wine (natural, made from grapes)

173.                Designated minister- bishop or priest